Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules

Pronunciation: FEN-il-EF-rin/kar-bay-ta-PEN-tane/gwye-FEN-e-sin
Generic Name: Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin
Brand Name: Albatussin

Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules is used for:

Relieving congestion, cough, and throat and airway irritation due to colds, flu, or hay fever. It may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor.

Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules is a decongestant, cough suppressant, and expectorant combination. The decongestant works by constricting blood vessels, reducing swelling in the nasal passages. The expectorant works by loosening mucus and lung secretions in the chest, making coughs more productive. The cough suppressant works in the brain to help decrease the cough reflex.

Do NOT use Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules if:

• you are allergic to any ingredient in Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules


• you have uncontrolled high blood pressure, rapid heartbeat, or other severe heart problems (eg, heart blood vessel disease)


• you take droxidopa or have taken furazolidone or a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) (eg, phenelzine) within the last 14 days

Contact your doctor or health care provider right away if any of these apply to you.

Before using Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules:

Some medical conditions may interact with Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules. Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any medical conditions, especially if any of the following apply to you:

• if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding


• if you are taking any prescription or nonprescription medicine, herbal preparation, or dietary supplement


• if you have allergies to medicines, foods, or other substances


• if you have a history of glaucoma or increased pressure in the eye, enlarged prostate gland or other prostate problems, heart problems (eg, fast, slow, or irregular heartbeat, heart disease), diabetes, high blood pressure, blood vessel problems, adrenal gland problems (eg, pheochromocytoma), mental or mood problems (eg, depression), trouble sleeping, an overactive thyroid, seizures, or stroke


• if you have a history of asthma or other breathing problems, chronic cough, lung problems (eg, chronic bronchitis, emphysema), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), sleep apnea, or if your cough occurs with large amounts of mucus


• if you are in poor health or very overweight


• if you take medicine for high blood pressure or depression

Some MEDICINES MAY INTERACT with Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules. Tell your health care provider if you are taking any other medicines, especially any of the following:

• Digoxin or droxidopa because the risk of irregular heartbeat or heart attack may be increased


• Beta-blockers (eg, propranolol), catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitors (eg, tolcapone), furazolidone, linezolid, MAOIs (eg, phenelzine), or tricyclic antidepressants (eg, amitriptyline) because they may increase the risk of Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules's side effects


• Bromocriptine because the risk of its side effects may be increased by Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules


• Guanadrel, guanethidine, medicines for high blood pressure, mecamylamine, methyldopa, or reserpine because their effectiveness may be decreased by Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules

This may not be a complete list of all interactions that may occur. Ask your health care provider if Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules may interact with other medicines that you take. Check with your health care provider before you start, stop, or change the dose of any medicine.

How to use Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules:

Use Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.

• Take Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules by mouth with or without food. If stomach upset occurs, take with food to reduce stomach irritation.


• Swallow Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules whole. Do not break, crush, or chew before swallowing. Some brands of Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules may be broken in half before taking. If you have difficulty swallowing the whole tablet, ask your pharmacist if your brand of medicine may be broken in half.


• Take Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules with a full glass of water (8 oz/240 mL).


• Drink plenty of water while taking Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules.


• If you miss a dose of Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules, take it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not take 2 doses at once.

Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules.

Important safety information:

• Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules may cause dizziness or drowsiness. These effects may be worse if you take it with alcohol or certain medicines. Use Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules with caution. Do not drive or perform other possibly unsafe tasks until you know how you react to it.


• Do not use medicines that may cause drowsiness (eg, sleep aids, muscle relaxers) while you are using Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules; it may add to their effects. Ask your pharmacist if you have questions about which medicines may cause drowsiness.


• Do not take appetite suppressants while you are taking Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules without checking with your doctor.


• Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules has a decongestant, cough suppressant, and an expectorant in it. Before you start any new medicine, check the label to see if it has a decongestant, cough suppressant, and an expectorant in it too. If it does or if you are not sure, check with your doctor or pharmacist.


• Do NOT take more than the recommended dose or use for longer than prescribed without checking with your doctor.


• If your symptoms do not get better within 5 to 7 days, if they get worse, or if they occur along with a fever, check with your doctor.


• Do not use Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules for a cough with a lot of mucus. Do not use it for a long-term cough (eg, caused by asthma, emphysema, smoking). However, you may use it for these conditions if your doctor tells you to.


• Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules may interfere with certain lab tests. Be sure that your doctor and lab personnel know you are taking Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules.


• Tell your doctor or dentist that you take Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules before you receive any medical or dental care, emergency care, or surgery.


• Use Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules with caution in the ELDERLY; they may be more sensitive to its effects.


• Caution is advised when using Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules in CHILDREN; they may be more sensitive to its effects.


• Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules should not be used in CHILDREN younger than 6 years old; safety and effectiveness in these children have not been confirmed.


• PREGNANCY and BREAST-FEEDING: If you become pregnant, contact your doctor. You will need to discuss the benefits and risks of using Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules while you are pregnant. It is not known if Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules is found in breast milk. Do not breast-feed while taking Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules.

Possible side effects of Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules:

All medicines may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor, side effects. Check with your doctor if any of these most COMMON side effects persist or become bothersome:

Diarrhea; dizziness; drowsiness; excitability; headache; irritability; nausea; stomach upset; trouble sleeping.

Seek medical attention right away if any of these SEVERE side effects occur:

Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; itching; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue); difficulty urinating; fast, slow, or irregular heartbeat; fever; hallucinations; mental or mood changes (eg, anxiety, nervousness); paleness; seizures; severe or persistent dizziness, headache, or lightheadedness; tremor.

This is not a complete list of all side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, contact your health care provider. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. To report side effects to the appropriate agency, please read the Guide to Reporting Problems to FDA.

See also: Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin side effects (in more detail)

If OVERDOSE is suspected:

Contact 1-800-222-1222 (the American Association of Poison Control Centers), your local poison control center, or emergency room immediately. Symptoms may include bizarre behavior; blurred vision; confusion; difficulty urinating; fast or shallow breathing; hallucinations; paleness; restlessness; seizures; severe dizziness, headache, or lightheadedness; severe drowsiness; tremor; unusually fast, slow, or irregular heartbeat; vomiting.

Proper storage of Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules:

Store Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules at room temperature, between 59 and 86 degrees F (15 and 30 degrees C). Store away from heat, moisture, and light. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules out of the reach of children and away from pets.

General information:

• If you have any questions about Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules, please talk with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.


• Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules is to be used only by the patient for whom it is prescribed. Do not share it with other people.


• If your symptoms do not improve or if they become worse, check with your doctor.


• Check with your pharmacist about how to dispose of unused medicine.

This information is a summary only. It does not contain all information about Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Capsules. If you have questions about the medicine you are taking or would like more information, check with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.

Issue Date: February 1, 2012

Database Edition 12.1.1.002

Copyright © 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

More Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin resources

• Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Side Effects (in more detail)
• Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
• Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Drug Interactions
• Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin Support Group
• 0 Reviews for Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin - Add your own review/rating

Compare Phenylephrine/Carbetapentane/Guaifenesin with other medications

• Cough and Nasal Congestion

Vimpat

Generic Name: lacosamide (Oral route)

la-KOE-sa-mide

Commonly used brand name(s)

In the U.S.

• Vimpat

Available Dosage Forms:

• Tablet


• Solution

Therapeutic Class: Anticonvulsant

Uses For Vimpat

Lacosamide is used together with other medicines to help control partial seizures (convulsions) in the treatment of epilepsy. It acts on the central nervous system (CNS) to reduce the number and severity of seizures. However, this medicine cannot cure epilepsy and will only work to control seizures for as long as you continue to take it.

This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription.

Before Using Vimpat

In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For this medicine, the following should be considered:

Allergies

Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to this medicine or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods, dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.

Pediatric

Appropriate studies have not been performed on the relationship of age to the effects of lacosamide in children younger than 17 years of age. Safety and efficacy have not been established.

Geriatric

Appropriate studies performed to date have not demonstrated geriatric-specific problems that would limit the usefulness of lacosamide in the elderly. However, elderly patients are more likely to have age-related heart, kidney, or liver problems, which may require caution in patients receiving lacosamide.

Pregnancy

	Pregnancy Category	Explanation
All Trimesters	C	Animal studies have shown an adverse effect and there are no adequate studies in pregnant women OR no animal studies have been conducted and there are no adequate studies in pregnant women.

Breast Feeding

There are no adequate studies in women for determining infant risk when using this medication during breastfeeding. Weigh the potential benefits against the potential risks before taking this medication while breastfeeding.

Interactions with Medicines

Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking this medicine, it is especially important that your healthcare professional know if you are taking any of the medicines listed below. The following interactions have been selected on the basis of their potential significance and are not necessarily all-inclusive.

Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.

• Ketorolac


• Naproxen

Interactions with Food/Tobacco/Alcohol

Certain medicines should not be used at or around the time of eating food or eating certain types of food since interactions may occur. Using alcohol or tobacco with certain medicines may also cause interactions to occur. Discuss with your healthcare professional the use of your medicine with food, alcohol, or tobacco.

Other Medical Problems

The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of this medicine. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially:

• Depression, history of or


• Heart attack or


• Heart block or


• Heart failure or


• Heart rhythm problems (e.g., prolonged PR interval) or


• Mental illness, history of or


• Sick sinus syndrome (type of abnormal heart rhythm), without pacemaker—Use with caution. May make these conditions worse.

• Diabetic neuropathy (nerve problem caused by diabetes) or


• Heart or blood vessel disease—May increase risk for more serious side effects.

• Kidney disease, severe or


• Liver disease, mild to moderate—Use with caution. The effects may be increased because of slower removal of the medicine from the body.

• Liver disease, severe—Should not be used in patients with this condition.

• Phenylketonuria (PKU)—The oral liquid contains aspartame (a source of phenylalanine), which can make this condition worse.

Proper Use of Vimpat

Take this medicine only as directed by your doctor, to help your condition as much as possible. Do not take more of it, do not take it more often, and do not take it for a longer time than your doctor ordered. To do so may increase the chance of side effects.

This medicine should come with a Medication Guide. It is very important that you read and understand this information. Be sure to ask your doctor about anything you do not understand.

This medicine may be taken with or without food.

Measure the oral liquid with a marked measuring spoon, oral syringe, or medicine cup. The average household teaspoon may not hold the right amount of liquid.

Lacosamide may be used together with other seizure medicines. Keep using all of your medicines unless your doctor tells you to stop.

Dosing

The dose of this medicine will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of this medicine. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.

The amount of medicine that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are using the medicine.

• For oral dosage forms (solution and tablets):
  
  • For epilepsy:
    
    • Adults and teenagers 17 years of age and older—At first, 50 milligrams (mg) two times a day. Your doctor may gradually increase your dose as needed and tolerated. However, the dose is usually not more than 400 mg per day.
    
    
    • Teenagers and children younger than 17 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
    
    
  
  

Missed Dose

If you miss a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses.

Storage

Store the medicine in a closed container at room temperature, away from heat, moisture, and direct light. Keep from freezing.

Keep out of the reach of children.

Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed.

Ask your healthcare professional how you should dispose of any medicine you do not use.

Do not freeze the oral liquid. Throw away any unused medicine after 7 weeks of first opening the bottle.

Precautions While Using Vimpat

It is very important that your doctor check your progress at regular visits to make sure this medicine is working properly. Blood tests may be needed to check for unwanted effects.

It is important to tell your doctor if you become pregnant or planning to become pregnant. Your doctor may want you to join the North American Antiepileptic Drug Pregnancy Registry and UCB AED Pregnancy Registry. These registries are used by pregnant patients who are taking this medicine.

If you develop any unusual or strange thoughts and behavior while taking lacosamide, be sure to discuss it with your doctor. Some changes that have occurred in people taking this medicine are like those seen in people who drink too much alcohol. Other changes might be confusion, worsening of depression, hallucinations (seeing, hearing, or feeling things that are not there), suicidal thoughts, and unusual excitement, nervousness, or irritability.

This medicine may cause blurred vision, double vision, clumsiness, unsteadiness, dizziness, drowsiness, sleepiness, or trouble with thinking. Make sure you know how you react to this medicine before you drive, use machines, or do anything else that could be dangerous if you are not alert, well-coordinated, or able to think or see well. If these side effects are especially bothersome, check with your doctor.

This medicine can cause changes in heart rhythms, such as a condition called PR prolongation. It may change the way your heart beats and cause lightheadedness, fainting, or serious side effects in some patients. Contact your doctor right away if you have any symptoms of heart rhythm problems, such as fast, slow, or irregular heartbeats.

Do not stop taking this medicine without first checking with your doctor. Stopping the medicine suddenly may cause your seizures to return or to occur more often. Your doctor may want you to gradually reduce the amount you are using before stopping it completely.

Lacosamide may cause serious allergic reactions affecting multiple body organs (e.g., liver or kidney). Stop using this medicine and check with your doctor right away if you have the following symptoms: fever; dark urine; headache; rash; stomach pain; swollen, painful, or tender lymph glands in the neck, armpit, or groin; unusual tiredness; or yellow eyes or skin.

Vimpat Side Effects

Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.

Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:

More common

• Dizziness


• false or unusual sense of well-being


• shakiness and unsteady walk


• sleepiness or unusual drowsiness


• trembling or shaking of the hands or feet


• unsteadiness, trembling, or other problems with muscle control or coordination

Less common

• Being forgetful


• discouragement


• feeling sad or empty


• irritability


• itching skin


• lack of appetite


• loss of balance control


• loss of interest or pleasure


• mood or mental changes


• tearing of the skin


• tiredness


• trouble concentrating


• trouble with sleeping


• trouble with walking

Incidence not known

• Abnormal or decreased touch sensation


• black, tarry stools


• burning, crawling, itching, numbness, prickling, "pins and needles", or tingling feelings


• changes in patterns and rhythms of speech


• chills


• continuing ringing or buzzing or other unexplained noise in the ears


• cough


• fast, irregular, pounding, or racing heartbeat or pulse


• feeling drunk


• fever


• hearing loss


• lower back or side pain


• painful or difficult urination


• pale skin


• shortness of breath


• slurred speech


• sore throat


• trouble performing routine tasks


• trouble with balance


• trouble with speaking


• troubled breathing with exertion


• ulcers, sores, or white spots in the mouth


• unusual bleeding or bruising


• unusual tiredness or weakness

Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:

More common

• Blurred vision


• double vision


• headache


• nausea


• seeing double


• vomiting

Less common

• Diarrhea


• feeling of constant movement of self or surroundings


• lack or loss of strength


• sensation of spinning


• uncontrolled eye movements

Incidence not known

• Acid or sour stomach


• belching


• difficulty having a bowel movement (stool)


• dry mouth


• heartburn


• indigestion


• muscle spasms


• stomach discomfort, upset, or pain

Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.

Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

See also: Vimpat side effects (in more detail)

The information contained in the Thomson Reuters Micromedex products as delivered by Drugs.com is intended as an educational aid only. It is not intended as medical advice for individual conditions or treatment. It is not a substitute for a medical exam, nor does it replace the need for services provided by medical professionals. Talk to your doctor, nurse or pharmacist before taking any prescription or over the counter drugs (including any herbal medicines or supplements) or following any treatment or regimen. Only your doctor, nurse, or pharmacist can provide you with advice on what is safe and effective for you.

The use of the Thomson Reuters Healthcare products is at your sole risk. These products are provided "AS IS" and "as available" for use, without warranties of any kind, either express or implied. Thomson Reuters Healthcare and Drugs.com make no representation or warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, timeliness, usefulness or completeness of any of the information contained in the products. Additionally, THOMSON REUTERS HEALTHCARE MAKES NO REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTIES AS TO THE OPINIONS OR OTHER SERVICE OR DATA YOU MAY ACCESS, DOWNLOAD OR USE AS A RESULT OF USE OF THE THOMSON REUTERS HEALTHCARE PRODUCTS. ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE ARE HEREBY EXCLUDED. Thomson Reuters Healthcare does not assume any responsibility or risk for your use of the Thomson Reuters Healthcare products.

More Vimpat resources

• Vimpat Side Effects (in more detail)
• Vimpat Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
• Drug Images
• Vimpat Drug Interactions
• Vimpat Support Group
• 16 Reviews for Vimpat - Add your own review/rating

• Vimpat Prescribing Information (FDA)


• Vimpat Consumer Overview


• Vimpat Monograph (AHFS DI)


• Vimpat MedFacts Consumer Leaflet (Wolters Kluwer)


• Lacosamide Professional Patient Advice (Wolters Kluwer)

Compare Vimpat with other medications

• Seizures

lovastatin

Generic Name: lovastatin (LOE va sta tin)

Brand names: Altoprev, Mevacor, Altocor

What is lovastatin?

Lovastatin is in a group of drugs called HMG CoA reductase inhibitors, or "statins." Lovastatin reduces levels of "bad" cholesterol (low-density lipoprotein, or LDL) and triglycerides in the blood, while increasing levels of "good" cholesterol (high-density lipoprotein, or HDL).

Lovastatin is used to lower the risk of stroke, heart attack, and other heart complications in people with diabetes, coronary heart disease, or other risk factors

Lovastatin is used in adults and children who are at least 10 years old.

Lovastatin may also be used for other purposes not listed in this medication guide.

What is the most important information I should know about lovastatin?

You should not take lovastatin if you are allergic to it, if you are pregnant or breast-feeding, or if you have liver disease. Stop taking this medication and tell your doctor right away if you become pregnant.

Before taking lovastatin, tell your doctor if you have ever had liver or kidney disease, diabetes, or a thyroid disorder, or if you drink more than 2 alcoholic beverages daily.

In rare cases, lovastatin can cause a condition that results in the breakdown of skeletal muscle tissue, leading to kidney failure. Call your doctor right away if you have unexplained muscle pain, tenderness, or weakness especially if you also have fever, unusual tiredness, and dark colored urine.

Avoid eating foods that are high in fat or cholesterol. Lovastatin will not be as effective in lowering your cholesterol if you do not follow a cholesterol-lowering diet plan.

Avoid drinking alcohol. It can raise triglyceride levels and may increase your risk of liver damage.

There are many other drugs that can increase your risk of serious medical problems if you take them together with lovastatin. Tell your doctor about all medications you use. This includes prescription, over-the-counter, vitamin, and herbal products. Do not start a new medication without telling your doctor. Keep a list of all your medicines and show it to any healthcare provider who treats you.

Lovastatin is only part of a complete program of treatment that also includes diet, exercise, and weight control. Follow your diet, medication, and exercise routines very closely.

What should I discuss with my healthcare provider before taking lovastatin?

You should not take lovastatin if you are allergic to it, if you are pregnant or breast-feeding, or if you have liver disease.

If you have any of these other conditions, you may need a dose adjustment or special tests:

• history of liver disease;


• history of kidney disease;


• 
  

  diabetes;

  
  


• 
  

  a thyroid disorder; or

  
  


• 
  

  if you drink more than 2 alcoholic beverages daily.

  
  

In rare cases, lovastatin can cause a condition that results in the breakdown of skeletal muscle tissue, leading to kidney failure. This condition may be more likely to occur in older adults and in people who have kidney disease or poorly controlled hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid).

Tell your doctor about all other medications you use. Certain other drugs can increase your risk of serious muscle problems, and it is very important that your doctor knows if you are using any of them:

• 
  

  amiodarone (Cordarone, Pacerone);

  
  


• 
  

  danazol (Danocrine);

  
  


• 
  

  nefazodone (an antidepressant);

  
  


• 
  

  verapamil (Calan, Covera, Isoptin, Verelan);

  
  


• 
  

  gemfibrozil (Lopid), fenofibric acid (Fibricor, Trilipix), or fenofibrate (Antara, Fenoglide, Lipofen, Lofibra, Tricor, Triglide);

  
  


• 
  

  antibiotics such as clarithromycin (Biaxin), erythromycin (E.E.S., EryPed, Ery-Tab, Erythrocin), or telithromycin (Ketek);

  
  


• 
  

  antifungal medications such as itraconazole (Sporanox) or ketoconazole (Extina, Ketozole, Nizoral, Xolegal);

  
  


• 
  

  HIV medications such as atazanavir (Reyataz), ritonavir (Norvir), lopinavir/ritonavir (Kaletra), saquinavir (Invirase), and others;

  
  


• 
  

  medicines that contain niacin (Advicor, Niaspan, Niacor, Simcor, Slo-Niacin, and others); or

  
  


• 
  

  drugs that weaken your immune system, such as steroids, cancer medicine, or medicines used to prevent organ transplant rejection, such as cyclosporine (Gengraf, Neoral, Sandimmune), sirolimus (Rapamune), or tacrolimus (Prograf).

  
  

FDA pregnancy category X. This medication can harm an unborn baby or cause birth defects. Do not take lovastatin if you are pregnant. Stop taking this medication and tell your doctor right away if you become pregnant. Use effective birth control to avoid pregnancy while you are taking lovastatin. Lovastatin may pass into breast milk and could harm a nursing baby. Do not breast-feed while you are taking lovastatin.

How should I take lovastatin?

Take exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Do not take in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended. Follow the directions on your prescription label.

Lovastatin is usually taken at bedtime or with an evening meal. If you take lovastatin several times daily, take it with meals. Follow your doctor's instructions.

Your doctor may occasionally change your dose to make sure you get the best results.

Do not crush, chew, or break an extended-release tablet. Swallow it whole. Breaking or opening the pill may cause too much of the drug to be released at one time. You may need to stop using lovastatin for a short time if you have surgery or a medical emergency.

To be sure this medicine is helping your condition and is not causing harmful effects, your blood will need to be tested often. Your liver function may also need to be tested. Visit your doctor regularly.

Lovastatin is only part of a complete program of treatment that also includes diet, exercise, and weight control. Follow your diet, medication, and exercise routines very closely.

You may need to take lovastatin on a long-term basis for the treatment of high cholesterol. Store at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light.

See also: Lovastatin dosage (in more detail)

What happens if I miss a dose?

Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.

What happens if I overdose?

Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222.

What should I avoid while taking lovastatin?

Avoid eating foods that are high in fat or cholesterol. Lovastatin will not be as effective in lowering your cholesterol if you do not follow a cholesterol-lowering diet plan.

Avoid drinking alcohol. It can raise triglyceride levels and may increase your risk of liver damage.

Grapefruit and grapefruit juice may interact with lovastatin and lead to potentially dangerous effects. Discuss the use of grapefruit products with your doctor. Do not increase or decrease the amount of grapefruit products in your diet without first talking to your doctor.

Lovastatin side effects

Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Stop taking lovastatin and call your doctor at once if you have any of these serious side effects:

• 
  

  unexplained muscle pain, tenderness, or weakness;

  
  


• 
  

  fever, unusual tiredness, and dark colored urine;

  
  


• 
  

  chest pain;

  
  


• 
  

  swelling, weight gain, urinating less than usual or not at all; or

  
  


• 
  

  nausea, upper stomach pain, itching, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes).

  
  

Less serious side effects may include:

• 
  

  headache;

  
  


• 
  

  mild muscle pain;

  
  


• 
  

  joint pain;

  
  


• 
  

  back pain;

  
  


• 
  

  mild nausea;

  
  


• 
  

  stomach pain or indigestion;

  
  


• 
  

  constipation; or

  
  


• 
  

  sleep problems (insomnia).

  
  

This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

Lovastatin Dosing Information

Usual Adult Dose for Hyperlipidemia:

Immediate-release formulation:
Initial: 20 mg orally once a day with the evening meal.
Maintenance: 10 to 80 mg/day in 1 or 2 divided doses.
Lower doses are utilized for patients requiring a smaller reduction in cholesterol level.

Extended-release formulation:
Initial: 20, 40, or 60 mg orally once a day at bedtime. Patients requiring smaller reductions in cholesterol may start with 10 mg orally at bedtime.
Maintenance: 10 to 60 mg orally given once daily at bedtime.

Usual Pediatric Dose for Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia:

Immediate-release:
Initial:
10 to 17 years: 10 mg orally each day.
Maintenance:
10 to 17 years: 10 to 40 mg orally each day. Dosage adjustments should be made no earlier than every 4 weeks, adding no more than 10 mg to the current dose each time.

Extended-release:
Safety and efficacy in pediatrics have not been established, therefore, this formulation of lovastatin is not recommended for pediatric patients.

What other drugs will affect lovastatin?

Tell your doctor about all other medications you use, especially:

• 
  

  cimetidine (Tagamet);

  
  


• 
  

  a blood thinner such as warfarin (Coumadin);

  
  


• 
  

  spironolactone (Aldactone, Aldactazide); or

  
  


• 
  

  any other "statin" medication such as atorvastatin (Lipitor, Caduet), fluvastatin (Lescol), lovastatin and niacin (Advicor), pravastatin (Pravachol), rosuvastatin (Crestor), or simvastatin (Zocor, Simcor, Vytorin).

  
  

This list is not complete and other drugs may interact with lovastatin. Tell your doctor about all medications you use. This includes prescription, over-the-counter, vitamin, and herbal products. Do not start a new medication without telling your doctor.

More lovastatin resources

• Lovastatin Side Effects (in more detail)
• Lovastatin Dosage
• Lovastatin Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
• Drug Images
• Lovastatin Drug Interactions
• Lovastatin Support Group
• 6 Reviews for Lovastatin - Add your own review/rating

• lovastatin Advanced Consumer (Micromedex) - Includes Dosage Information


• Lovastatin Professional Patient Advice (Wolters Kluwer)


• Lovastatin Prescribing Information (FDA)


• Lovastatin Monograph (AHFS DI)


• Lovastatin MedFacts Consumer Leaflet (Wolters Kluwer)


• Altocor Consumer Overview


• Altoprev Extended-Release Tablets MedFacts Consumer Leaflet (Wolters Kluwer)


• Altoprev Prescribing Information (FDA)


• Mevacor Prescribing Information (FDA)

Compare lovastatin with other medications

• High Cholesterol
• High Cholesterol, Familial Heterozygous
• Hyperlipoproteinemia
• Hyperlipoproteinemia Type IIa, Elevated LDL
• Hyperlipoproteinemia Type IIb, Elevated LDL VLDL

Where can I get more information?

• Your pharmacist can provide more information about lovastatin.

See also: lovastatin side effects (in more detail)

Cardec Drops

Generic Name: chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine (KLOR fen IR a meen and FEN il EFF rin)

Brand Names: Actifed Cold & Allergy, Allan Tannate Pediatric, Allerest PE, AlleRx, BP Allergy JR, C Phen, Cardec, Ceron, Chlor-Mes Jr, ChlorTan D, Cold & Allergy Relief, CP Dec, Dallergy Drops, Dallergy-JR, Dec-Chlorphen, Ed A-Hist, Ed ChlorPed D, Histadec, Nasohist Pediatric, NoHist, Ny-Tannic, PD-Hist D, PD-Hist D Drops, PediaTan D, Phenchlor Tannate Pediatric, R-Tanna, Relera, Rinate Pediatric, Rondec, Rondex, Rynatan, Rynatan Pediatric, Sildec-PE, Sinus & Allergy Maximum Strength, Sinus & Allergy PE, Sonahist, Sudafed PE Sinus & Allergy, Tanahist-D, Triaminic Cold & Allergy

What is Cardec Drops (chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine)?

Chlorpheniramine is an antihistamine that reduces the natural chemical histamine in the body. Histamine can produce symptoms of sneezing, itching, watery eyes, and runny nose.

Phenylephrine is a decongestant that shrinks blood vessels in the nasal passages. Dilated blood vessels can cause nasal congestion (stuffy nose).

The combination of chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine is used to treat symptoms of the common cold or seasonal allergies, including sneezing, runny or stuffy nose, and itchy, watery eyes.

Chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.

What is the most important information I should know about Cardec Drops (chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine)?

There are many brands and forms of this medication available and not all brands are listed on this leaflet.

Do not use chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine if you have used an MAO inhibitor such as furazolidone (Furoxone), isocarboxazid (Marplan), phenelzine (Nardil), rasagiline (Azilect), selegiline (Eldepryl, Emsam, Zelapar), or tranylcypromine (Parnate) in the last 14 days. A dangerous drug interaction could occur, leading to serious side effects. You should not use this medication if you are allergic to chlorpheniramine or phenylephrine, or if you have severe high blood pressure or coronary artery disease, narrow-angle glaucoma, a stomach ulcer, or if you are unable to urinate.

Do not use this medication during an asthma attack.

This medication may impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be alert. Drinking alcohol can increase certain side effects of chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine. Older adults may be more likely to have side effects from this medicine. Do not give this medication to a child younger than 4 years old. Always ask a doctor before giving a cough or cold medicine to a child. Death can occur from the misuse of cough and cold medicines in very young children.

Talk with your doctor if your symptoms do not improve after 7 days of treatment, or if you have a fever with a headache, cough, or skin rash.

What should I discuss with my healthcare provider before taking Cardec Drops (chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine)?

Do not use chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine if you have used an MAO inhibitor such as furazolidone (Furoxone), isocarboxazid (Marplan), phenelzine (Nardil), rasagiline (Azilect), selegiline (Eldepryl, Emsam, Zelapar), or tranylcypromine (Parnate) in the last 14 days. A dangerous drug interaction could occur, leading to serious side effects. You should not use this medication if you are allergic to chlorpheniramine or phenylephrine, or if you have:

• 
  

  severe or uncontrolled high blood pressure;

  
  


• 
  

  severe coronary artery disease;

  
  


• 
  

  narrow angle glaucoma;

  
  


• 
  

  a stomach ulcer;

  
  


• 
  

  if you are unable to urinate; or

  
  


• 
  

  if you are having an asthma attack.

  
  

Ask a doctor or pharmacist if it is safe for you to take this medication if you have:

• kidney disease;


• liver disease;


• 
  

  diabetes;

  
  


• 
  

  glaucoma;

  
  


• 
  

  circulation problems;

  
  


• 
  

  heart disease or high blood pressure;

  
  


• 
  

  overactive thyroid;

  
  


• 
  

  a seizure disorder such as epilepsy;

  
  


• 
  

  asthma, emphysema or chronic bronchitis; or

  
  


• 
  

  urination problems or an enlarged prostate.

  
  

It is not known whether chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine is harmful to an unborn baby. Do not take this medication with a doctor's advice if you are pregnant. It is not known whether chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. Do not use this medication without telling your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby. Older adults may be more likely to have side effects from this medicine.

Artificially sweetened liquid cold medicine may contain phenylalanine. If you have phenylketonuria (PKU), check the medication label to see if the product contains phenylalanine.

How should I take Cardec Drops (chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine)?

Use exactly as directed on the label, or as prescribed by your doctor. Do not use in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended. Cold medicine is usually taken only for a short time until your symptoms clear up.

Do not give this medication to a child younger than 4 years old. Always ask a doctor before giving a cough or cold medicine to a child. Death can occur from the misuse of cough and cold medicines in very young children. Do not crush, chew, break, or open an extended-release tablet or capsule. Swallow it whole. Breaking or opening the pill may cause too much of the drug to be released at one time.

The chewable tablet must be chewed before swallowing.

Measure liquid medicine with a special dose-measuring spoon or medicine cup, not with a regular table spoon. If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist for one.

Talk with your doctor if your symptoms do not improve after 7 days of treatment, or if you have a fever with a headache, cough, or skin rash.

This medication can cause unusual results with allergy skin tests. Tell any doctor who treats you that you are taking an antihistamine.

If you need surgery, tell the surgeon ahead of time if you have taken a cold medicine within the past few days.

Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat.

What happens if I miss a dose?

Since cold medicine is taken as needed, you may not be on a dosing schedule. If you are taking the medication regularly, take the missed dose as soon as you remember. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.

What happens if I overdose?

Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222.

Overdose symptoms may include some of the serious side effects listed in this medication guide.

What should I avoid while taking Cardec Drops (chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine)?

This medication may impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be alert. Drinking alcohol can increase certain side effects of chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine. Ask a doctor or pharmacist before using any other cold, allergy, or sleep medicine. Chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine are contained in many combination medicines. Taking certain products together can cause you to get too much of a certain drug. Check the label to see if a medicine contains an antihistamine or decongestant.

Avoid taking this medication if you also take diet pills, caffeine pills, or other stimulants (such as ADHD medications). Taking a stimulant together with a decongestant can increase your risk of unpleasant side effects.

Cardec Drops (chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine) side effects

Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Stop using this medication and call your doctor at once if you have a serious side effect such as:

• 
  

  fast or pounding heartbeats;

  
  


• 
  

  confusion, hallucinations, unusual thoughts or behavior;

  
  


• 
  

  severe dizziness, anxiety, restless feeling, nervousness;

  
  


• 
  

  urinating less than usual or not at all;

  
  


• 
  

  easy bruising or bleeding, unusual weakness; or

  
  


• 
  

  seizure (black-out or convulsions).

  
  

Less serious side effects may include:

• 
  

  blurred vision;

  
  


• 
  

  dry nose or mouth;

  
  


• 
  

  nausea, stomach pain, constipation, loss of appetite;

  
  


• 
  

  dizziness, drowsiness;

  
  


• 
  

  problems with memory or concentration;

  
  


• 
  

  ringing in your ears; or

  
  


• 
  

  feeling restless or excited (especially in children).

  
  

This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1 800 FDA 1088.

What other drugs will affect Cardec Drops (chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine)?

Before using this medication, tell your doctor if you regularly use other medicines that make you sleepy (such as other cold or allergy medicine, sedatives, narcotic pain medicine, sleeping pills, muscle relaxers, and medicine for seizures, depression, or anxiety). They can add to sleepiness caused by chlorpheniramine.

Tell your doctor about all other medications you use, especially:

• 
  

  mecamylamine (Inversine);

  
  


• 
  

  methyldopa (Aldomet);

  
  


• 
  

  reserpine;

  
  


• 
  

  a beta-blocker such as atenolol (Tenormin, Tenoretic), carvedilol (Coreg), labetalol (Normodyne, Trandate), metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol), nadolol (Corgard), propranolol (Inderal, InnoPran), sotalol (Betapace), and others;

  
  


• 
  

  a barbiturate such as butabarbital (Butisol), secobarbital (Seconal), pentobarbital (Nembutal), or phenobarbital (Solfoton); or

  
  


• 
  

  an antidepressant such as amitriptyline (Elavil, Vanatrip), doxepin (Sinequan), nortriptyline (Pamelor), and others.

  
  

This list is not complete and other drugs may interact with chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine. Tell your doctor about all medications you use. This includes prescription, over-the-counter, vitamin, and herbal products. Do not start a new medication without telling your doctor.

More Cardec Drops resources

• Cardec Drops Side Effects (in more detail)
• Cardec Drops Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
• Cardec Drops Drug Interactions
• Cardec Drops Support Group
• 0 Reviews for Cardec - Add your own review/rating

• AlleRx Suspension MedFacts Consumer Leaflet (Wolters Kluwer)


• Cardec Drops MedFacts Consumer Leaflet (Wolters Kluwer)


• Dallergy-JR Sustained-Release Capsules MedFacts Consumer Leaflet (Wolters Kluwer)


• Ny-Tannic MedFacts Consumer Leaflet (Wolters Kluwer)


• Relera Controlled-Release Tablets MedFacts Consumer Leaflet (Wolters Kluwer)


• Rondec MedFacts Consumer Leaflet (Wolters Kluwer)


• Rynatan Prescribing Information (FDA)


• Sonahist Prescribing Information (FDA)

Compare Cardec Drops with other medications

• Cold Symptoms
• Hay Fever

Where can I get more information?

• Your pharmacist can provide more information about chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine.

See also: Cardec side effects (in more detail)

ethionamide

Generic Name: ethionamide (e thye on AM ide)

Brand names: Trecator, Trecator-SC

What is ethionamide?

Ethionamide is an antibiotic. It prevents the growth of bacteria in your body.

Ethionamide is used to treat tuberculosis (TB).

Ethionamide may also be used for purposes other than those listed in this medication guide.

What is the most important information I should know about ethionamide?

Take all of the ethionamide that has been prescribed for you even if you begin to feel better. Your symptoms may begin to improve before the infection is completely treated.

Ethionamide may cause stomach upset, a loss of appetite, a metallic taste in your mouth, or excessive salivation (mouth watering). Notify your doctor if these side effects are persistent or severe.

Who should not take ethionamide?

Before taking this medication, tell your doctor if you

• 
  

  have ever had an allergic reaction to ethionamide;

  
  


• 
  

  have liver disease; or

  
  


• 
  

  have diabetes mellitus.

  
  

You may not be able to take ethionamide, or you may require a lower dose or special monitoring during treatment if you have any of the conditions listed above.

It is not known whether ethionamide will harm an unborn baby. Do not take this medication without first talking to your doctor if you are pregnant. It is also not known whether ethionamide will harm a nursing baby. Do not take this medication without first talking to your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby.

How should I take ethionamide?

Take ethionamide exactly as directed by your doctor. If you do not understand these instructions, ask your pharmacist, nurse, or doctor to explain them to you.

Take each dose with a full glass (8 ounces) of water.

Ethionamide can be taken with or without food. Taking ethionamide with food may decrease stomach upset.

Take all of the ethionamide that has been prescribed for you even if you begin to feel better. Your symptoms may begin to improve before the infection is completely treated.

Ethionamide is usually combined with one or more other tuberculosis medicines.

Store this medication at room temperature away from moisture and heat.

See also: Ethionamide dosage (in more detail)

What happens if I miss a dose?

Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next regularly scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and take the next one as directed. Do not take a double dose of this medication.

What happens if I overdose?

Seek emergency medical attention.

Symptoms of an ethionamide overdose are unknown.

What should I avoid while taking ethionamide?

There are no restrictions on foods, beverages, or activities during treatment with ethionamide unless your doctor directs otherwise.

Ethionamide side effects

If you experience any of the following serious side effects, stop taking ethionamide and seek emergency medical attention:

• 
  

  an allergic reaction (difficulty breathing; closing of your throat; swelling of your lips, tongue, or face; or hives);

  
  


• 
  

  yellow skin or eyes;

  
  


• 
  

  dark urine;

  
  


• 
  

  numbness or tingling in your hands or feet;

  
  


• 
  

  seizures;

  
  


• 
  

  blurred or double vision; or

  
  


• 
  

  confusion or abnormal behavior.

  
  

Other, less serious side effects may be more likely to occur. Continue to take ethionamide and talk to your doctor if you experience

• 
  

  nausea, vomiting, or loss of appetite;

  
  


• 
  

  a metallic taste in your mouth;

  
  


• 
  

  excessive salivation;

  
  


• 
  

  diarrhea;

  
  


• 
  

  unusual fatigue or weakness;

  
  


• 
  

  headache;

  
  


• 
  

  mild dizziness;

  
  


• 
  

  tremors (shaking); or

  
  


• 
  

  a rash.

  
  

Side effects other than those listed here may also occur. Talk to your doctor about any side effect that seems unusual or that is especially bothersome. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

Ethionamide Dosing Information

Usual Adult Dose for Tuberculosis -- Active:

500 mg to 1 g orally (15 to 20 mg/kg) in 1 or more divided doses per day

Maximum dose: 1 g orally per day

Duration: Treatment should continue until permanent bacteriological conversion and maximal clinical improvement have occurred, generally, 18 to 24 months.

Usual Pediatric Dose for Tuberculosis -- Active:

10 to 20 mg/kg orally in 2 or 3 divided doses per day or 15 mg/kg orally once per day after meals.

Maximum dose: 1 g orally per day

Duration: Treatment should continue until permanent bacteriological conversion and maximal clinical improvement have occurred, generally, 18 to 24 months.

What other drugs will affect ethionamide?

The risk of seizures may be increased when ethionamide is used in combination with cycloserine (Seromycin) or isoniazid (Nydrazid). Special monitoring may be necessary if you are taking a combination of these medicines.

Drugs other than those listed here may also interact with ethionamide. Talk to your doctor and pharmacist before taking or using any other prescription or over-the-counter medicines.

More ethionamide resources

• Ethionamide Side Effects (in more detail)
• Ethionamide Dosage
• Ethionamide Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
• Ethionamide Drug Interactions
• Ethionamide Support Group
• 0 Reviews for Ethionamide - Add your own review/rating

• ethionamide Advanced Consumer (Micromedex) - Includes Dosage Information


• Ethionamide Professional Patient Advice (Wolters Kluwer)


• Ethionamide Monograph (AHFS DI)


• Ethionamide MedFacts Consumer Leaflet (Wolters Kluwer)


• Trecator Prescribing Information (FDA)

Compare ethionamide with other medications

• Tuberculosis, Active

Where can I get more information?

• Your pharmacist has additional information about ethionamide written for health professionals that you may read.

See also: ethionamide side effects (in more detail)

Colistimethate

Pronunciation: koe-LIS-ti-METH-ate
Generic Name: Colistimethate
Brand Name: Coly-Mycin M

Colistimethate is used for:

Treating infections caused by certain bacteria.

Colistimethate is an antibiotic. It works by killing sensitive bacteria.

Do NOT use Colistimethate if:

• you are allergic to any ingredient in Colistimethate


• you are taking sodium cephalothin

Contact your doctor or health care provider right away if any of these apply to you.

Before using Colistimethate:

Some medical conditions may interact with Colistimethate. Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any medical conditions, especially if any of the following apply to you:

• if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding


• if you are taking any prescription or nonprescription medicine, herbal preparation, or dietary supplement


• if you have allergies to medicines, foods, or other substances


• if you have kidney problems

Some MEDICINES MAY INTERACT with Colistimethate. Tell your health care provider if you are taking any other medicines, especially any of the following:

• Sodium cephalothin because the risk of kidney problems may be increased


• Aminoglycosides (eg, gentamicin), curariform muscle relaxants (eg, tubocurarine), decamethonium, nondepolarizing muscle relaxants (eg, gallamine), polymyxin, sodium citrate, or succinylcholine because their actions and the risk of their side effects, including difficulty breathing, may be increased

This may not be a complete list of all interactions that may occur. Ask your health care provider if Colistimethate may interact with other medicines that you take. Check with your health care provider before you start, stop, or change the dose of any medicine.

How to use Colistimethate:

Use Colistimethate as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.

• Colistimethate is usually given as an injection at your doctor's office, hospital, or clinic. If you will be using Colistimethate at home, a health care provider will teach you how to use it. Be sure you understand how to use Colistimethate. Follow the procedures you are taught when you use a dose. Contact your health care provider if you have any questions.


• To clear up your infection completely, use Colistimethate for the full course of treatment. Keep using it even if you feel better in a few days.


• Do not use Colistimethate if it contains particles, is cloudy or discolored, or if the vial is cracked or damaged.


• Keep this product, as well as syringes and needles, out of the reach of children and pets. Do not reuse needles, syringes, or other materials. Ask your health care provider how to dispose of these materials after use. Follow all local rules for disposal.


• If you miss a dose of Colistimethate, use it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not use 2 doses at once.

Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Colistimethate.

Important safety information:

• Colistimethate may cause dizziness. This effect may be worse if you take it with alcohol or certain medicines. Use Colistimethate with caution. Do not drive or perform other possibly unsafe tasks until you know how you react to it.


• Colistimethate may cause temporary effects such as dizziness; slurred speech; itching; burning or numbness around the mouth; or numbness or tingling in the arms or legs. Contact your doctor if these effects occur. Your dose may need to be decreased.


• Colistimethate only works against bacteria; it does not treat viral infections (eg, the common cold).


• Be sure to use Colistimethate for the full course of treatment. If you do not, the medicine may not clear up your infection completely. The bacteria could also become less sensitive to this or other medicines. This could make the infection harder to treat in the future.


• Long-term or repeated use of Colistimethate may cause a second infection. Tell your doctor if signs of a second infection occur. Your medicine may need to be changed to treat this.


• Mild diarrhea is common with antibiotic use. However, a more serious form of diarrhea (pseudomembranous colitis) may rarely occur. This may develop while you use the antibiotic or within several months after you stop using it. Contact your doctor right away if stomach pain or cramps, severe diarrhea, or bloody stools occur. Do not treat diarrhea without first checking with your doctor.


• Tell your doctor or dentist that you take Colistimethate before you receive any medical or dental care, emergency care, or surgery.


• Use Colistimethate with caution in the ELDERLY, especially patients with kidney problems; they may be more sensitive to its effects.


• Caution is advised when using Colistimethate in CHILDREN; they may be more sensitive to its effects.


• Use Colistimethate with extreme caution in CHILDREN younger than 10 years of age who have diarrhea or an infection of the stomach or bowel.


• PREGNANCY and BREAST-FEEDING: If you become pregnant, contact your doctor. You will need to discuss the benefits and risks of using Colistimethate while you are pregnant. It is not known if Colistimethate is found in breast milk. If you are or will be breast-feeding while you use Colistimethate, check with your doctor. Discuss any possible risks to your baby.

Possible side effects of Colistimethate:

All medicines may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor, side effects. Check with your doctor if any of these most COMMON side effects persist or become bothersome:

Abnormal skin sensations around the mouth; dizziness; itching; numbness or tingling of the fingers or toes; slurred speech; stomach upset.

Seek medical attention right away if any of these SEVERE side effects occur:

Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; itching; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue); black, tarry, or bloody stools; decreased urination; fever; severe diarrhea; shortness of breath; stomach pain or cramps.

This is not a complete list of all side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, contact your health care provider. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. To report side effects to the appropriate agency, please read the Guide to Reporting Problems to FDA.

See also: Colistimethate side effects (in more detail)

If OVERDOSE is suspected:

Contact 1-800-222-1222 (the American Association of Poison Control Centers), your local poison control center, or emergency room immediately. Symptoms may include clumsiness; confusion; decreased urination; difficulty breathing; difficulty speaking or walking; muscle weakness; rapid eye movements; severe or persistent abnormal skin sensations; severe or persistent dizziness; severe or persistent numbness or tingling of the fingers or toes; unusual drowsiness or sluggishness; weakness.

Proper storage of Colistimethate:

Colistimethate is usually handled and stored by a health care provider. If you are using Colistimethate at home, store Colistimethate as directed by your pharmacist or health care provider.

General information:

• If you have any questions about Colistimethate, please talk with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.


• Colistimethate is to be used only by the patient for whom it is prescribed. Do not share it with other people.


• If your symptoms do not improve or if they become worse, check with your doctor.


• Check with your pharmacist about how to dispose of unused medicine.

This information is a summary only. It does not contain all information about Colistimethate. If you have questions about the medicine you are taking or would like more information, check with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.

Issue Date: February 1, 2012

Database Edition 12.1.1.002

Copyright © 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

More Colistimethate resources

• Colistimethate Side Effects (in more detail)
• Colistimethate Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
• Colistimethate Drug Interactions
• Colistimethate Support Group
• 0 Reviews for Colistimethate - Add your own review/rating

• Colistimethate Prescribing Information (FDA)


• colistimethate Concise Consumer Information (Cerner Multum)


• colistimethate Injection Advanced Consumer (Micromedex) - Includes Dosage Information


• Colistimethate Sodium Monograph (AHFS DI)

Compare Colistimethate with other medications

• Gram Negative Infection

Cefzil Suspension

Pronunciation: sef-PROE-zil
Generic Name: Cefprozil
Brand Name: Generic only. No brands available.

Cefzil Suspension is used for:

Treating mild to moderate infections caused by certain bacteria.

Cefzil Suspension is a cephalosporin antibiotic. It works by interfering with the formation of the bacteria's cell wall while it is growing. This causes the cell wall to be destroyed and kills the bacteria.

Do NOT use Cefzil Suspension if:

• you are allergic to any ingredient in Cefzil Suspension or to any other cephalosporin antibiotic (eg, cephalexin)

Contact your doctor or health care provider right away if any of these apply to you.

Before using Cefzil Suspension:

Some medical conditions may interact with Cefzil Suspension. Tell your health care provider if you have any medical conditions, especially if any of the following apply to you:

• if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding


• if you are taking any prescription or nonprescription medicine, herbal preparation, or dietary supplement


• if you have allergies to medicines, foods, or other substances


• if you have had a severe allergic reaction (eg, severe rash, hives, difficulty breathing, dizziness) to a penicillin antibiotic (eg, amoxicillin) or other beta-lactam antibiotic (eg, imipenem)


• if you have phenylketonuria (PKU), because Cefzil Suspension contains phenylalanine


• if you have diabetes, liver or kidney problems, or a blood clotting disorder


• if you have or have a history of stomach disease, stomach infection, diarrhea, or colitis

Some MEDICINES MAY INTERACT with Cefzil Suspension. Tell your health care provider if you are taking any other medicines, especially any of the following:

• Aminoglycoside antibiotics (eg, gentamicin) because the risk of their side effects on the kidney may be increased by Cefzil Suspension

This may not be a complete list of all interactions that may occur. Ask your health care provider if Cefzil Suspension may interact with other medicines that you take. Check with your health care provider before you start, stop, or change the dose of any medicine.

How to use Cefzil Suspension:

Use Cefzil Suspension as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.

• Take Cefzil Suspension by mouth with or without food. If stomach upset occurs, take with food to reduce stomach irritation.


• Cefzil Suspension works best if it is taken at the same time each day.


• To clear up your infection completely, take Cefzil Suspension for the full course of treatment. Keep taking it even if you feel better in a few days.


• Shake well before each use. Use a measuring device marked for medicine dosing. Ask your pharmacist for help if you are unsure of how to measure your dose.


• If you miss a dose of Cefzil Suspension, take it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not take 2 doses at once.

Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Cefzil Suspension.

Important safety information:

• Cefzil Suspension may cause dizziness. This effect may be worse if you take it with alcohol or certain medicines. Use Cefzil Suspension with caution. Do not drive or perform other possibly unsafe tasks until you know how you react to it.


• Mild diarrhea is common with antibiotic use. However, a more serious form of diarrhea (pseudomembranous colitis) may rarely occur. This may develop while you use the antibiotic or within several months after you stop using it. Contact your doctor right away if stomach pain or cramps, severe diarrhea, or bloody stools occur. Do not treat diarrhea without first checking with your doctor.


• Cefzil Suspension only works against bacteria; it does not treat viral infections (eg, the common cold).


• Be sure to use Cefzil Suspension for the full course of treatment. If you do not, the medicine may not clear up your infection completely. The bacteria could also become less sensitive to this or other medicines. This could make the infection harder to treat in the future.


• Long-term or repeated use of Cefzil Suspension may cause a second infection. Tell your doctor if signs of a second infection occur. Your medicine may need to be changed to treat this.


• Phenylketonuric patients - Cefzil Suspension contains phenylalanine.


• Diabetes patients - Cefzil Suspension may cause the results of some tests for urine glucose to be wrong. Ask your doctor before you change your diet or the dose of your diabetes medicine.


• Cefzil Suspension should not be used in CHILDREN younger than 6 months old; safety and effectiveness in these children have not been confirmed.


• PREGNANCY and BREAST-FEEDING: If you become pregnant, contact your doctor. You will need to discuss the benefits and risks of using Cefzil Suspension while you are pregnant. Cefzil Suspension is found in breast milk. If you are or will be breast-feeding while you use Cefzil Suspension, check with your doctor. Discuss any possible risks to your baby.

Possible side effects of Cefzil Suspension:

All medicines may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor, side effects. Check with your doctor if any of these most COMMON side effects persist or become bothersome:

Dizziness; headache; itching in the genital area; mild diarrhea; nausea; stomach pain; tiredness; vomiting.

Seek medical attention right away if any of these SEVERE side effects occur:

Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; itching; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue); bloody stools; severe diarrhea; severe stomach pain or cramps; vaginal irritation or discharge; yellowing of the skin or eyes.

This is not a complete list of all side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, contact your health care provider. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. To report side effects to the appropriate agency, please read the Guide to Reporting Problems to FDA.

See also: Cefzil side effects (in more detail)

If OVERDOSE is suspected:

Contact 1-800-222-1222 (the American Association of Poison Control Centers), your local poison control center, or emergency room immediately. Symptoms may include muscle spasms; seizures.

Proper storage of Cefzil Suspension:

Before it is mixed, store Cefzil Suspension at room temperature between 59 and 86 degrees F (15 and 30 degrees C). Store away from heat, moisture, and light. After mixing, store in a refrigerator and throw unused medicine away after 14 days. Keep Cefzil Suspension out of the reach of children and away from pets.

General information:

• If you have any questions about Cefzil Suspension, please talk with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.


• Cefzil Suspension is to be used only by the patient for whom it is prescribed. Do not share it with other people.


• If your symptoms do not improve or if they become worse, check with your doctor.


• Check with your pharmacist about how to dispose of unused medicine.

This information is a summary only. It does not contain all information about Cefzil Suspension. If you have questions about the medicine you are taking or would like more information, check with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.

Issue Date: February 1, 2012

Database Edition 12.1.1.002

Copyright © 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

More Cefzil resources

• Cefzil Side Effects (in more detail)
• Cefzil Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
• Drug Images
• Cefzil Drug Interactions
• Cefzil Support Group
• 6 Reviews for Cefzil - Add your own review/rating

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Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder

Pronunciation: SOE-dee-um POL-ee-STYE-reen SUL-foe-nate
Generic Name: Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate
Brand Name: Examples include Kayexalate and Kionex

Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder is used for:

Treating high potassium levels in the blood.

Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder is a potassium-removing resin. It works by drawing potassium into the large intestine and then removing it from the body.

Do NOT use Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder if:

• you are allergic to any ingredient in Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder


• you have low potassium levels in the blood


• you have not yet had a bowel movement after recent surgery or if you have abnormal bowel function


• you have obstructive bowel disease, constipation, or are at risk of constipation or impaction (eg, a history of impaction, chronic constipation, inflammatory bowel disease, ischemic colitis, previous bowel surgery, a bowel blockage)


• the patient is a newborn with decreased bowel activity


• you are taking magnesium hydroxide or sorbitol

Contact your doctor or health care provider right away if any of these apply to you.

Before using Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder:

Some medical conditions may interact with Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder. Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any medical conditions, especially if any of the following apply to you:

• if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding


• if you are taking any prescription or nonprescription medicine, herbal preparation, or dietary supplement


• if you have allergies to medicines, foods, or other substances


• if you have swelling or fluid retention (edema), congestive heart failure, or high blood pressure


• if you have kidney problems, dehydration, low blood volume, or abnormal blood electrolyte (eg, sodium, magnesium, calcium) levels


• if you have a history of constipation, or bowel problems or surgery


• if the patient is a premature newborn


• if you are on a low-salt (sodium) diet or you are taking digoxin

Some MEDICINES MAY INTERACT with Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder. Tell your health care provider if you are taking any other medicines, especially any of the following:

• Sorbitol because the risk of severe bowel problems (eg, bleeding, inflammation, tearing) may be increased


• Magnesium hydroxide because severe side effects (eg, seizures) may occur


• Aluminum hydroxide because a bowel blockage may occur


• Lithium or thyroxine because their effectiveness may be decreased by Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder

How to use Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder:

Use Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.

• Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder is usually given at your doctor's office, hospital, or clinic. If you will be using Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder at home, a health care provider will teach you how to use it. Be sure you understand how to use Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder. Follow the procedures you are taught when you use a dose. Contact your health care provider if you have any questions.


• Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder can be taken orally, as an enema, or through a feeding tube, as directed by your doctor.


• Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder should be freshly prepared by mixing with water or syrup. Ask your doctor how much water or syrup you should use to mix Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder. Use the medicine within 24 hours after you mix it.


• Shake or mix well before each use.


• Do not heat Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder. It may not work as well.


• If you take antacids or laxatives, ask your doctor or pharmacist how to take them with Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder. Do not take magnesium hydroxide with Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder.


• Check with your doctor about what you should do if you miss a dose of Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder.

Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder.

Important safety information:

• Follow the diet program given to you by your health care provider. Avoid eating or drinking anything that contains the sweetener sorbitol.


• Serious and sometimes fatal bowel problems (eg, bleeding, inflammation, tearing) have been reported with the use of Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder. Most of the patients who developed these problems while taking Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder were also taking sorbitol. The risk of bowel problems may also be increased if you have low blood volume, kidney problems, or a history of bowel problems or surgery. Contact your doctor immediately if you experience black, tarry, or bloody stools; constipation; stomach pain; swelling of the stomach; or vomit that looks like coffee grounds.


• Check with your doctor before you use a salt substitute or a product that has potassium in it.


• Lab tests, including blood potassium and other blood electrolyte levels, and electrocardiograms (ECGs), may be performed while you use Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder. These tests may be used to monitor your condition or check for side effects. Be sure to keep all doctor and lab appointments.


• Use Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder with caution in CHILDREN and the ELDERLY; they may be more sensitive to its effects, especially bowel problems.


• Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder should not be used by mouth in NEWBORNS; safety and effectiveness in these children have not been confirmed.


• PREGNANCY and BREAST-FEEDING: It is not known if Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder can cause harm to the fetus. If you become pregnant, contact your doctor. You will need to discuss the benefits and risks of using Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder while you are pregnant. It is not known if Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder is found in breast milk. If you are or will be breast-feeding while you use Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder, check with your doctor. Discuss any possible risks to your baby.

Possible side effects of Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder:

All medicines may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor, side effects. Check with your doctor if any of these most COMMON side effects persist or become bothersome:

Appetite loss; nausea; upset stomach; vomiting.

Seek medical attention right away if any of these SEVERE side effects occur:

Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; itching; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue); black, tarry, or bloody stools; changes in emotions, mood, or behavior; confusion; constipation; dizziness; fast, slow, or irregular heartbeat; muscle cramps, pain, spasms, or weakness; seizures; severe or watery diarrhea; stomach pain; swelling of the feet or hands; swelling of the stomach; trouble breathing; trouble thinking or concentrating; vomit that looks like coffee grounds.

This is not a complete list of all side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, contact your health care provider. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. To report side effects to the appropriate agency, please read the Guide to Reporting Problems to FDA.

See also: Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate side effects (in more detail)

If OVERDOSE is suspected:

Contact 1-800-222-1222 (the American Association of Poison Control Centers), your local poison control center, or emergency room immediately. Symptoms may include confusion; dizziness; irregular heartbeat; irritability; muscle cramps, pain, weakness, or paralysis; trouble breathing; trouble thinking or concentrating.

Proper storage of Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder:

Store Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder at room temperature, between 68 and 77 degrees F (20 and 25 degrees C). Brief storage at temperatures between 59 and 86 degrees F (15 and 30 degrees C) is permitted. Store away from heat, moisture, and light. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder out of the reach of children and away from pets.

General information:

• If you have any questions about Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder, please talk with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.


• Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder is to be used only by the patient for whom it is prescribed. Do not share it with other people.


• If your symptoms do not improve or if they become worse, check with your doctor.


• Check with your pharmacist about how to dispose of unused medicine.

This information is a summary only. It does not contain all information about Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder. If you have questions about the medicine you are taking or would like more information, check with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.

Issue Date: February 1, 2012

Database Edition 12.1.1.002

Copyright © 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

More Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate resources

• Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Side Effects (in more detail)
• Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
• Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Drug Interactions
• Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Support Group
• 0 Reviews for Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate - Add your own review/rating

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